Changing Face Of Rural Consumer In Emerging Markets Economics Essay

Changing Face Of Rural Consumer In Emerging Markets Economics Essay India is growing at an average annual rate of 7.6 for the past many years and it is expected to continue growing at an equal if not faster rate. The rapid economic growth is increasing and enhancing employment and business opportunities and in turn increasing disposable incomes. The rural consumers in India account for about 73 percent of the total consumers. In recent years, the lifestyle of a large number of rural consumers in India has changed dramatically and the process of change is going on. The buying behaviour of the rural consumers is influenced by several factors such as socio-economic conditions, cultural environment, literacy level, occupation, geographical location, efforts on the part of sellers, exposure to media etc. As the benefits of growth trickle down, an increasing number of people are moving up from the economically weaker class to join the middle class. The middle class with its rising numbers and incomes is thus becoming the biggest market segment. The afflue nt class too will continue to grow in terms of size and value, albeit, at a slower pace than the middle class. Most of the companies are going rural because of large and diverse markets, increase in literacy level and changing life style of the people. Even globalization and liberalization expanded the Indian rural market. Several studies have shown that rural consumers are generally ignorant and they are also unorganised. Under these circumstances, the sellers or the manufacturers, exploit the consumers. Though, the consumers in India have been provided with various safety measures against their exploitation. In this paper, an attempt has been made to study the changing face of rural consumer in emerging markets. Key Words: Globalisation, Rural Consumer, Rural Market, Rural Potential. Introduction Rural consumers in emerging markets of developing countries are among the largest and fastest growing segments of the world’s population. In a country like India, where a substanti al number of the rural people are living below poverty line, having high level of unemployment and poor literacy level; consumer awareness continues to remain low. Above all about 70 percent of India’s population lives in rural areas. There are about 6, 38,365 villages in the country as against about 300 cities and 5,161 towns. Of the 121 crore Indians, 83.3 crore live in rural areas while 37.7 crore stay in urban areas, as per the Census 2011. Even in urban areas, a large number of people live in slums whose life is not better than those living in rural areas. This clearly highlights that India is still dominated by rural population. There were 7,935 towns in 2011 as against 5,161 in 2001. About 13.3% of India’s population and 42.6% of urban population reside in 53 cities having more than a million people, while the remaining 7,882 cities account for 47.4% of the urban population. There has been a steady increase in the number of cities from 5 in 1951 to 35 in 2001 to 53 in 2011 having a population of more than 10 lacs. About 31% of the urban population lives in the top-20 cities and about 51% of the country’s urban population lives in the top-100 cities.4 A report on survey conducted by National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) says that there are 720 million consumers across the villages in rural India. Hence, the development of the nation largely depends upon the development of the rural population. Agriculture is the main occupation of the rural people for their subsistence. It has been observed in the report that the condition of the rural consumers is deplorable because they are being exploited in the rural markets on account of lack of competition among the sellers. Although the rural consumers face various problems like fake brands and spurious products, misleading advertisements, unfair warranties and guarantees, and unreasonable pricing but it hardly affects their passion to buying because they want to buy those prod ucts which reflect their prosperity level. Similarly, with globalization and liberalization, rural market in India expanded its potentialities across the world. Globalization describes a process by which regional economies, societies, and cultures have become integrated through a global network of communication, transportation, and trade. Globalization can be defined as the intensification of worldwide social relations which link distant locations in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occurring many miles away and vice – versa. Globalization generally means integrating our economy with the economy of world. Globalization had its impact on various sectors including agricultural, industrial, financial, health and many others. Globalization has helped in:

Testing in HR Recruiting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Testing in HR Recruiting - Essay Example In addition, the poorly carried out interview is detrimental to an organization future. It is in this regards that tests are mandatory during interviews to sieve out unwanted traits in organizations. Inappropriate hiring can be costly errors to rectify and as such, manager should concentrate on convincing hiring processes, which offer, return on investment. In a busy organization stress, tolerance tests are extremely imperative. This prevents the hiring of employees who cannot withstand pressure from both customers and managers. Subsequently, a satisfactory interview process through tests also enables identification of personal style of employees whereby only people with proficient personality traits get the chance (Dessler, 2011). This makes the interviewing process a critical area in human resource management where channeling of all resources is necessary. The future of any business organization depends on the nature of employees. Ambitious, dedicated and focused employees guarantee the success of an organization while lazy and less enthusiastic employees assure a fall in the operations of an organization. Psychometric tests during interview offer an evidence-based insight into behaviors of employees (Palmer & Varner, 2005). Nevertheless, straight, forwards, pertinent information gets concealed to the interviewing managers that are vital in the hiring process. In any event, that a psychometric test is not carried out before hiring managers will have problems coming up with non committed; at times arrogant employees who do not only make the business fail but also demoralize other employees. It is in this regards that clients with impressive results get retained in the hiring process (Hyder & LÃ ¶vblad, 2007). This improves greater self-awareness among management teams and employees. Â  

Executive Compensation - How much is too Much Research Paper

Executive Compensation - How much is too Much - Research Paper Example The debate about high executive compensation has been in the spotlight in United States since industrial revolution. However, it was during the great depression that this news and discussion made the headlines. Since then, this debate has always received widespread during all economic recessions. Following the pattern, as the financial crunch and economic recession hit the United States in 2006-07, this debate again reached its peak because the masses started questioning the perceived wide gap between the salaries of an average employee and the executives. Critics of high compensation believe that this is one of prime reasons of increasing inefficiencies, recession, and increasing income inequality in United States. On the other hand, proponents of high compensation believe that these pay levels are a result of market and competitive forces and external forces such as the government, watchdogs and others should have no right to interfere in how much the boards of willing to pay their executives. The thesis statement around which this paper that revolve is that â€Å"executives pay is sky rocketing and there is no rational and logical thought to allow these pay levels to increase further if we want a way out of this recession and prevent future recessions† (Mishra, McConaughy & Gobeli, 2000). ... They compare the pay of CEOs with investment bankers, hedge fund managers, equity investors, lawyers, and others. Since 1990s, there has been steady increase in the salaries of above-mentioned professionals but the pays of CEOs and other executives has not risen with the same percentage. Furthermore, out of the top 0.1 percent people in the United States arranged according to the gross income, only 3 percent of them were CEOs and executives of companies. Furthermore, in the year 2007, â€Å"top 20 hedge fund manager bagged more than three times the pay earned by the salaries of all S&P 500 combined† (Hayes & Schaefer, 2009). Proponents of this school of thought strongly believe that companies will have to take bold steps in order to retain their executives because many smart CEOs have already started shifting to Wall Street to take positions at private equity firms (Hayes & Schaefer, 2009). In order to defend the position of CEOs being overpaid, other experts have gone on to a ccept that executives and specifically, CEOs are overpaid but it is not because of the work that they do but because their job is to inspire people. The reason behind providing CEOs with the fattest checks is to ensure that it keeps other people in the company motivated (Kay & Putten, 2007). Everyone dreams to become a CEO or an executive some day and people dream about the same because they know the compensation levels. People look at executives, their cars, houses, clubs, salaries, benefits, lifestyles and that is what keeps them motivated to stay with a company and put in their best effort into their jobs hoping that within a decade or so, they would also be able to reach that dream position. Economists call this, as

Odysseus: Heroes Essay -- essays research papers

Odysseus: Heroes A hero is a brave and strong person, who is also very human. A hero feels fear and every other emotion that we do. A true hero is a person who does something great and does not expect to be given any thing in return. A hero does something that effects a large number of people. A hero thinks more of others than he or she thinks of him or her self. The characters in the poem, "Women", and The Odyssey are both epic heroes. Odysseus is a strong and brave man, but I think he lacks one of the major characteristics of a hero. I think he thinks of himself more than of others. I think the characters in the poem, "Women," are better heroes because they can be related to easier. I don't think the poem characters are like an epic hero because they are less into them selves than an epic hero. They also seem to have done lesser things, I mean epic heroes always do something so great, like take twenty men on, or lead an army to victory. Everyday heroes seem to be more realistic and do something that's great, but its not written up in every news paper in the country. Odysseus is a brave man that did great things. In The Odyssey he conquers a monster using smarts and strength. He also looks out for his crew mates. He is faithful to his wife, well, in his mind he is. He kills many men on his own in a battle at his home. He cries a coupl...

Co-curricular Essay

Co-curricular is one of the activities being neglected in most schools in the past years. Our school being one of them had for long been emphasizing heavily in class work. By doing this, we could not realize our talents which are very basic in making us whole. Activity carried on 4th March last-term made each member of this school to change his or her mind. We witnessed how students have wonderful talents. Our school was among the top competing school in sports activities in this region. Sports has been one of the activity in school that that the administration has been overlooking. The school noted the need to change our strategies and came up with plans which will give students a chance to realize their talents. The school used to conduct classes from eight in the morning to four in the evening. After this, students moved to evening group discussions and thereafter they went back again to their classes for evening preps. These activities made us busy throughout the day before retiring to bed. The school has come up with a strategy that will ensure that students are trained both in class and in the co-curricular activities especially in sports. The School’s schedule is now flexible, as it will now allow students to get involved in these sports activities. Thanks to the students who participated in this event because due to their enthusiasm, passion and spirit in sports the administration made a sensible consideration and made sure that it has allocated time for these activities. I am grateful for this action as it will serve as an example to other learning institutions. Sincerely, References Cooperating School Districts. (2010). Programs and Services: Communications Crisis communication-Letters Assistance. Retrieved on 9 July 2010 from http://www. csd. org/vnews/display. v/ART/44abd0116f2d7

Angolan Civil War - 2197 Words

4 Analyze the effects of the cold war on apartheid in South Africa or on another specified issue and region or country. Note: Initially, my plan was to cover the whole period of the cold war and its effects on Angola. While researching for this topic though, I came across a vast body of works and therefore decided to focus on a more specific theme: Soviet-American competition in the region between 1974 and 1976. What role did competition between the superpowers have in the early stages of the Angolan Civil War (1974-76)? ________________________________ As revolution erupted in Portugal in 1974, independence movements in virtually all of its former colonies gained considerable momentum. In Angola, unlike the other†¦show more content†¦Mobutu soon made a second attempt to seize Cabinda, invading with a mixed FNLA-FLEC-Zairian force of about 3,000, with direct CIA arms support, but the MPLA, backed by Cuban advisors, defeated them[11]. On November 7-10 Cuba began a major expansion of its direct military assistance to the MPLA, dispatching a 650-man special forces battalion to help defend Luanda. After the US successfully pressed some Caribbean countries to not allow Cuban transfer flights to land, in the following months the Soviets provided Cuba with long-range aircraft. Shortly after the independence, on November 13, a small number of Soviet military advisors arrived in Luanda. On November 11, the day of independence, the MPLA, backed by Cuban artillerymen and Soviet-supplied 122 millimeter multiple rocket launchers, had defeated the FNLA-Zairian-Portuguese Angolan forces north of Luanda, which devastated their morale. From mid-November to early January 1976 the MPLA, with growing Cuban support, chased the FNLA-Zairian forces north and stopped the South African advance from the south. By this time the Cuban troops had reached a substantial number of an estimated 12,000[12]. American attempts through the CIA to recruit European mercenaries were quite ineffective, and caused significant embarrassment when several captured mercenaries, including an American, were captured and executed[13].Show MoreRelatedAngola, Africa: The Terror of a Mass Uprising Involving the African Working Class903 Words   |  4 PagesAngola Africa’s greatest running war was formally brought to an end on April 4 when the both sides in Angola’s civil war signed a tranquility deal over a 26-year conflict that began when the country was affirmed independent in 1975. The death of the head of the Union for the whole Independence of Angola (UNITA), Jonas Savimbi, at the hands of administration forces on February 22, paved the way for the present resolution. Since then the conflict which has left the country confounded and killed halfRead MoreAngol The National Health System2371 Words   |  10 Pagesobtain access to the proper education, there is an absence of a functioning government, they have little to no access to clean and safe water, and the proper medical treatment and treatment facilities are very scarce or non existent. â€Å"An underdeveloped, war-scarred country that has foundered for decades under corrupt leadership, Angola is one of the poorest lands on earth,† (Mouawad). All which can have detrimental effects into their daily lives. Children are the ones who are greatly affected by povertyRead MoreAngola and Portuguese Colonization3006 Words   |  12 Pagesmilitary in Angola, the rapid decline in the economy of the country which resulted in the unfavourable conditions of inflation and the emigration of many citizens in Angola who went to other countries to seek for jobs, as there was no progress in the Angolan economy and country as a whole. In the mid-1970s, the Portuguese colony lost its power in running the country of Angola; hence independency was gained (Marcum, 1976). This then meant that the citizens of the country were able to run their countryRead MorePolitics And Economic Development Of Angola1925 Words   |  8 Pagesof the key recipients of Chinese investments on the continent. Angolan and Chinese political and economic ties expanded during the late 1980 after the signing of the first trade agreement between the two countries in 1984. Since then, the bilateral trade between Angola and China has considerably expanded exceeding $ 120 billion by 2010. In spite of the poor relationship between the MPLA and the Chinese Communist Party over the civil war in Angola, commercial pragmatic realism has helped to recoup theRead MoreInternational And International Law And Policy1840 Words   |  8 PagesInternational law and policy. (Kirsti Samuels, 2007) Civil war has become the dominant type of war in death tolls and severity. It has caused humanitarian destruction on a vast scale, as well as serious disruption of regional and international peace and security. The author Samuels states that her purpose of this work was that she has written this to collate and analyse a broad range of international community practice with respect to civil conflicts and coup d’ etat, and to investigate how thisRead MoreThe Theory Of The Conflict Trap2215 Words   |  9 Pagesrecurring civil wars in some societies? I. Introduction II. The Conflict Trap Theory The Conflict Trap is the theory that countries that have experienced civil war suffer a greater risk for new conflict than other countries with no prior history of civil war. Paul Collier argues that conflict occurs disproportionately in the countries in the ‘bottom billion’ population of the world because they have not had they ‘have not had any growth at all.’ Furthermore, he finds that the civil wars in theseRead MoreEssay on Major Slave Rebellions of the South1314 Words   |  6 Pagesproperty, to a threat to their security, resulting in many slave codes and laws passed by southerners that severely limited the rights of slaves. The Stono Rebellion is considered one of the most important slave rebellions in the south. It was led by Angolan slave, â€Å"Jemmy,† in September of 1739, in South Carolina. Jemmy led twenty slaves to Stono’s bridge near the Stono River, where they stole ammunition from Hutcheson’s store. They continued to move from plantation to plantation, killing the plantationRead MoreNigeria And Angol African Countries Plagued By The Resource Curse1686 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"weak institutions, natural resources are a curse† (Ologunla 2). Neither country has strong state institutions so political progress and economic development become difficult. A lack of state institutions lowers the standard of living and impedes civil rights. Corruption is also a â€Å"symptom of missing institutions† (McMillan 156). Corruption is a major obstacle in Nigeria and Angola which is influenced by oil money. In both cases there is a â€Å"bloc of corrupt powerful elites †¦ while a large percentageRead MoreFrom Coloniarl Rule to Civil War: Angola1768 Words   |  7 Pages2 Introduction From colonial rule to civil war, Angola is no stranger to elongated and extremely bloody conflicts. Throughout Angola’s history over the last five hundred years, the effects of the Transatlantic Slave Trade (TST) have by far made the longest lasting impact on the nation’s volatile past and future. This horrible marginalization of the country’s population provided a strong foundation that ultimately shaped the country’s future conflicts; a commonality that is shared with many otherRead MoreLogistics Plus And Its Impact On The Nation Of Angola1263 Words   |  6 PagesAfter a 27 year civil war ending in 2002, it was hard for them to bounce back to stability. They are currently rebuilding under the guidance of their president Josà © Eduardo dos Santos who has held the position since 1979 and was guaranteed the last five-year term because of the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA). MPLA was founded in 1956 and merged two nationalist organiza tions. Dos Santos is credited with leading the country to recovery after the end of the civil war in 2002. Others

rondot automotive - 1423 Words

salesXxmtr^t as written? Why? Rondot Alttomotrve 1 .Does it make financial sense to outsource painting of housings to Greven? What reasons, other than financial factors, need to be taken into account in this decision? Do you think Glenn should get prices from other suppliers? What do you want to do about the family of parts that did not pass the quality tests? Do you think that Rondot should outsource their painting operations completely and dispose of the equipment? †¢onment and manager to sat down to should make osts by out- igement was ket share. Automotive †¢gic purchas ­ed office in lotiating ma-new product ng organiza-lid-line basis basis. Plant aterials man-lirements and :rtment at the ling two buy-nn had joined†¦show more content†¦28 add Gleilfi Northcott, purchasing planner at Rondot Automotive in Jackson, Mississippi, was evaluating an important outsourcing opportunity. For the past three months, Glenn had been working on a proj ­ect that involved evaluating the feasibility of outsourcing the plant s painting requirements, and he had just finished collecting much of the necessary technical and cost infor ­mation. Glenn had to complete his evaluation in advance of a meeting scheduled with his boss, Terry Gibson, pur ­chasing manager, and the plant manager, Dick Taylor, in one week s time to discuss this matter and to decide what action, if any, needed to be taken next. RONDOT WORLDWIDE Rondot Automotive was a wholly owned subsidiary of Rondot Worldwide, a leading global designer and manu ­facturer of electrical and electronic components. Rondot Worldwide operated in more than 100 countries, employ ­ing more than 200,000 people. It was a key player in the information and communications, automation and control, power, transportation, medical, and lighting industries. Rondot Automotive operated 85 plants in 25 countries. It was known for providing high-quality, innovative prod ­ucts in automotive electronics, electrics, and mechatron-ics. The Jackson, Mississippi, plant manufactured small motors for a number of applications, including engine cooling, HVAC (heating, ventilation, and cooling), and antilock brake systems. The plant produced approximately 7 million motors per year, which wereShow MoreRelatedRondot Case Study Essay787 Words   |  4 PagesArra Patricia Bocar SCM880TT/ Fall 2014 September 2014 Rondot Automotive Case Study Background Glenn Northcott is a purchasing planner in Rondot Automotive. Their Jackson, Mississippi plant manufactures an average of 7million small motors which they distribute to their OEM customers. Their purchasing organization which has a hybrid structure is comprised of two groups—strategic purchasing (dotted-line reporting to purchasing manager) and plant purchasing department (straight-line reportingRead MoreRondot Case Study Essay734 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿ Background Glenn Northcott is a purchasing planner in Rondot Automotive. Their Jackson, Mississippi plant manufactures an average of 7million small motors which they distribute to their OEM customers. Their purchasing organization which has a hybrid structure is comprised of two groups—strategic purchasing (dotted-line reporting to purchasing manager) and plant purchasing department (straight-line reporting to purchasing manager). Currently, they are being pressured to cut down their plant costsRead MoreOpre 6371 Case 5-21575 Words   |  7 Pages6Case 5-2: Rondot Automotive Name: Lovee Sachdeva, Bin Wen, Matthew Miles, Ryan Buxbaum ,Yuguang Wang, Shaoying Lu. Group: 3 Date: 2/22/2013 ------------------------------------------------- Situation: * Glenn Northcott is the purchasing planner at Rondot Automobile in Jackson, Mississippi. The company is a wholly owned subsidiary of Rondot Worldwide, a leading global designer and manufacturer of electrical and electronic components. (Note: You are Glenn)